Machine for disintegrating clay



(No Model.) z'sheets-sheet 1.

J..C. ANDERSON.

MAGHINB POR DISINTBGRATING CLAY, GLAY SHALE, aw.

No. 351,616. Patented-Oct. 26,1886.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-'Sheet 2.-

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.MAEINEFOR DISINTBGRATING CLAY, CLAY SHALE, Gac. lvm-351,616. Patented001.. 26. 1886.

UNirnn STATES.

PATENT erich.

JAMES O. ANDERSON, OF HIGHLAND PARK, ILLINOIS.

MAcl-HNE Foa DISINTEGRATING CLAY, CLAY-SHALE, eee.

SPECIFICATION forming parl: of Letters Patent No. 351,616, dated October26., 188,6.

Application iiled August` 5, 1.986.

`land Park, in the`county of Lake, State of Illinois, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Disintegrating Clay,Clay-Shale, Snc., of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for the reduction ofclay, clay-shale, and analogous substances to a finely-dividedcondition.

My invention is designed as an improvement on the vdevices shown,described, and claimed in Letters Patent No. 271,588, granted to meFebruary 6, 1883, and to this end my invention consists inmounting therolls so that their peripheries will not impinge, and in providing thesurfaces of the eccentricallymounted rolls, or rolls in which thesurfaceof one is traveling faster than the other, with a series of cells ordepressions for clutching or holding the clay, ore, or other material,while it is being acted upon, so as to transfer the abrading orrubbing action from the rolls to the material itself, and in this wayprotect the. surfaces of the rolls from rapid destruction.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improvedmachine. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view. Fig. 3 is a detached View of thereducingrolls. Fig. 4 is alongitudinal sectional view of my machine,showing the screen and elevator for conveying the coarse material backto the disintegratingrolls. Fig. 5 is a detached view of a portion ofthe screen. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a portion of one of thereducing-rolls. Fig. 7 is a sectional View of a portioiofone ofthereducf ing-rolls.

A A indicate the reducing-rolls, which are mounted on their trunnions orbearings ina suitable frame, B, of any desirable construction, saidrolls being provided with gearwheels C C, of the same or of differentsize, so that the rolls can be driven at a uniform speed, or ofdifferent speeds, as may be desired.

One of the rolls A is provided with a gearwheel, D,whichmeshes with andis driven by a pinion-wheel, E, on the main driving-shaft F, said shaftF being driven by a belt which passes over the pulley G, and isconnected to Serial No. 210,105. (No model.)

any suitable source of power. One of the rolls A is mounted in movablebearings b, which are operated by set-screws c, so as to regulate thedistance between the rolls to suit p the material to be operated upon.

The reducing-rolls A are elliptical in peripheral outline, and arearranged to rotatein opposite ndirections, as indicated by the arrows inFig. 3, such elliptical form being to compensate for the convergenceincident to the changing or altering positions of the rolls when rotatedin this direction. rIhe trunnions or bearings of the rolls are eccentricto their axial centers, so that a rapidly-changing peripheral speed isgiven to the rolls at the point of their nearest contact, and thematerial to be act-ed upon is subjected to a rubbing, abrading, andcrushing action, which reduces or pulverizes the same.

The periphery of a roll or other revolving bod-y travels faster or has agreaterv velocity than the axis. Consequently when the clayor othermaterial to be operated upon is caught between the rolls it is subjectedto the action of the periphery of the roll' which is the greatestdistance from the supporting-spindle, and as one surface of the roll istraveling faster than the otherthe material is subjected to a rubbing,abrading. and crushing action, and will be thoroughly distintegrated.

The description of my invention thus far is essentially the same asembraced in the patent heretofore referredto, and the improvements Ihave made thereto will now be described.

The rolls A are so mounted in their bearings and so timed in theirrevolutions that their periph eries will not touch at any time, and theperipheries of said rolls are provided with cells or depressions dthroughout their ent-ire surface, for clutching and holding the clay,

shale, or ore while it is being acted upon, so,

as t-o transfer the abrasion or rubbing action `from the faces of therolls to the contiguous faces of the particles to be reduced, andin thisway the surfaces of the rolls act simply as an- Vils, while thewearing-force or fpictional contact is exerted between the particles ofthe material acted upon. The square or rectangular form of the cells d,which form I prefer to use, prevents the coarse particles of shale orore from slipping and rubbing against -the faces of the rolls.

IOO

H is a screen placed in an inclined position below the reducing-rollsbywhich the coarser particles are separated from the finer. The coarsepart, passing over the screen, nds a lodgment in the compartment I, fromwhence they are taken by the elevator buckets and deposited in the chuteL, which conducts it back into the. hopper M, and thence back to thereducing-rolls. One of the rolls is provided with ayielding bearing,which may c011- sist of a powerful spring placed next thejournal-box, soas to hold the roll to the work, but will allow it to yield when unduestrain is eX- erted on the same, and, as before intimated, the rolls areso mounted that theirsurfaces do not impinge against each other when themachineis running empty, as is usually the case, and thus the surfacesare prevented from grinding together.

ln operation, the material is first broken into small pieces ot'acomparatively uniform size 1n a separate breaking-maehine, (not shown,)and deposited in the hopper M through the spout N,and is constantly t'edfrom such breaking-niachine to the hopper, so that the rolls are atalltimes provided with asuflicient quantity of the material,the coarserportions which enter the hopper through the spout N coming 1n contactwith the liner portions entering through the spout L and reducing thesame still further by frictional contact exerted by the cellular rolls.

I may obtain good results by mounting the rolls centrally to theirrespective axes and placing pulleys on the respective roll shafts inplace o1" the gears, and rotating one ofthe rolls much faster than theother one, which will cause the material to rub together; but I preferto use rolls in which the surface of' one is traveling faster than theother, said rolls bcing provided with cells, holds, or clutches forholding the material to be reduced in a vicelike grip so as to canse thematerial itself to be rubbed together, so as to reduce it'to a powderedcondition; and to carry out this method the eccentric rolls seem to bethe best adapted to the purpose. It will be noticed, however, that theserolls, although of peripheral speed, :must rot-ate together at the sameaxial speed, and when rotated toward each other, as they must be, mustbe made slightly elliptical to conform at all times at the properimpinging points. and are therefore geared together conformably.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

l. In a machine for reducing clay,clayshale, or other material, thereducing-rolls of which are provided with cells or depressions in theirperiphery, the surfaces of which are arranged to travel at variable ordifferent speeds, as described, whereby' the material is held by thecells and the material rubbed together, as set forth.

2. In a machine for disintegrating clay,clay shale, and other material,the elliptical reducing-rolls A, mounted eccentrically, as described,the peripheries ot' which are provided with cells or depressions forholding the material while the contiguous particles are being reduced by.frictional Contact, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

J. C. ANDERSON.

XVitnesses:

F. L. BLAKE, Osma A. V. RUNNGREN.

